Regulation of iron metabolism university of pittsburgh. Regulation of iron metabolism harnish and hariom yadav national agri food biotechnology institute,mohali email. Drug metabolism free download as powerpoint presentation. The liver isnt the only tissue responsible for drug metabolism. The metabolism of antibreast cancer drug, tamoxifen, in a single human hepatocellular carcinoma cell, hepg2, was directly monitored by a video mass. Biology the living cell is a miniature factory where thousands of reactions occur converts energy in many ways metabolism is the totality of an organisms chemical reactions arises from interactions between molecules an organisms metabolism transforms matter and energy, subject to the laws of thermodynamics thermodynamics is the study of energy. For successful determination of drug regimens adme. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 496 times. To be able to cross the membranes it is necessary that the drugs should be able dissolve directly. Ppt drug metabolism powerpoint presentation free to. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. There is now overwhelming evidence that adverse drug reactions are often caused by a metabolite of the drug. Part 1 of the article covers the basics of drug metabolism.
Adme, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs, are the processes of pharmacokinetics figure 21. They are a common and significant cause of morbidity and mortality and occasionally result in the withdrawal of an otherwise valuable therapeutic agent. The pharmacokinetic processes of absorption, distribution, and elimination determine how rapidly and for. The pk of carfilzomib, infused over 210 minutes, was evaluated in patients with solid tumors or mm. Ppt drug elimination metabolism, excretion powerpoint. Biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics by brahmankar pg no 9190 2. The function of metabolism is biotransform a drug to become more watersoluble and hence more excretable. Mechanisms and functions current drug metabolism, 2000, vol.
This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. The european journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics will consider all aspects of preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetics, including drug disposition, drug metabolism, drug transport, drug interactions, bioavailability and biopharmacy. Drug metabolism that leads to elimination also plays a major role in diminishing the biological activity of a drug. Springer accepts electronic multimedia files animations, movies, audio, etc. Humans are exposed daily to a wide variety of foreign compounds called xenobioticssubstances absorbed across the lungs or skin or, more commonly, ingested either unintentionally as compounds present in food and drink or deliberately as drugs for therapeutic or recreational purposes. Oct 26, 2014 a drug may inhibit one isoenzyme while being itself a substrate of another isoenzyme e.
Clinical pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and drugdrug. An introduction to drug metabolism by michael d coleman 5. Drug metabolism university of california, san diego. Use of animation in teaching cell biology cbelife sciences. Its a presentation done by me in the given topic at the pharmacology seminar organised at r. Path of a drug after administration by any route, a drug will reach the blood stream as. Simulation and prediction of in vivo drug metabolism in. In part ii we will discuss the kinetics of drug metabolism and the relationship of kinetic data to the pharmacokinetics of a drug. Drug elimination metabolism, excretion anton koh t drug metabolism major site of drug metabolism liver, exceptions. In the first chapter, the principles underlying drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination are described, with drug metabolism highlighted within the context of these fundamental processes. Drug metabolism drug metabolism medical treatments free.
Starting with an overview of nitrogen fixation and the incorporation of inorganic nitrogen into amino acids, the book then details other major nitrogenous compounds in microorganisms, plants and animals. Drug metabolism pptpowerpoint presentation, medical. Chapters 2 and 3 deal with the chemistry of drug biotransformation. The notes, and the corresponding slides, are also freely available in pdf and powerpoint formats. Protein metabolism the body synthesizes 100,000 to 140,000 proteins each with different form, function, and structure all proteins are built from the 20 amino acids cellular proteins are recycled in cytosol peptide bonds are broken free amino acids are used in new proteins. Apr 09, 2011 pharmacokinetics is the way the body acts on the drug once it is administered. Drug metabolism drug metabolism medical treatments. Pharmacokinetics basics absorption, distribution, metabolism.
Pharmacogenetics of drugmetabolizing enzymes in us hispanics. Adverse drug reactions are a major problem for both health care providers and the pharmaceutical industry. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. A clinical ddi study was conducted in patients with solid tumors to evaluate the effect of carfilzomib on cyp3a activity. Exposure to environmental xenobiotics may be inadvertent and accidental orwhen they are present as. Here we summarize the clinical pharmacokinetics pk, metabolism, and drug drug interaction ddi profile of carfilzomib. Factors affecting drug metabolism online lecture lecturio. Drug metabolism made easy using kings college london. They focus on the biochemical pathways that we find in humans, and they also take into account some physiological and clinical aspects. Metabolism is an essential pharmacokinetic process, which renders lipid soluble and nonpolar compounds to water soluble and. So i want you to imagine now that instead of having the active drug as the parent drug youve got the active drug as the daughter drug. It is the measure of the rate kinetics of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion adme. Simulation and prediction of in vivo drug metabolism in human populations from in vitro data amin rostamihodjegan and geoffrey t. To be able to explain briefly how carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are metabolized 3.
Drug metabolism pptpowerpoint presentation, medical notes. To be able to differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways. The remaining cyp isoforms involved in human drug metabolism are present in the liver in varying amounts, and each is thought to contribute 23% or less of the cypmediated drug oxidation reactions. These enzymes have the capacity to interact with a. To explain thoroughly how cells carry out and regulate complex reaction sequences. Dec 31, 2014 a media representation of a talk given by dr. Sep 22, 2017 drug metabolism can result in one of two products, an inactive metabolite and an active metabolite. This means that a constant fraction of drug is metabolized per unit of time.
In diseased states the levels of metabolised drug active as well as inactive is important to know as the disease inhibits or expedites the xenobiotics metabolism. In vitro drug metabolism and ddi studies were conducted in human liver microsomes and hepatocytes. Alcohol behaves like a drug, therefore altering body functions. Role of metabolism in drug discovery 36 in drug development it is important to have an information on the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of the candidate drug invitro studies can give information about metabolite stability metabolite profile metabolite identification cyp inductioninhibition drug drug. The term metabolism is commonly used probably because products of drug transformation are called metabolites. Amino acid metabolism, 3rd edition covers all aspects of the biochemistry and nutritional biochemistry of the amino acids. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Youve got 1 drug that makes the metabolism of another drug very quick. Lipid soluble drugs are reabsorbed from the kidney and remain in the systemic circulation for longer. Metabolism is an essential pharmacokinetic process, which renders lipid soluble and nonpolar compounds to water soluble and polar compounds so that. Drug interaction final edition animated slideshare. The drugs may be taken for the same disease or two different diseases.
Drug metabolism oxidation humans have 18 families of cytochrome p450 genes and 43 subfamilies. Contents include a discussion of the catabolism of amino acids and. Prebiotics and probiotics the next issue of biofiles will explore the functionality of prebiotics and probiotics. The purpose of drug metabolism is to activate drug activity in the case of drugs administered as prodrugs, some agents are initially administered as inactive compounds prodrugs and must be metabolized to their active forms terminate drug activity, render drugs water soluble, so they can be excreted by the kidney. And theyre ready for you to use in your powerpoint presentations the moment you need them. Additional files of any type, such as movies, animations or original data files can also be submitted as part of the manuscript. Hence various factors affecting drug metabolism must be considered during administration and also in proper dosing of any drug to the patients. Introduction biotransformation is defined as the conversion from one chemical form to another synonym metabolism detoxification process these chemical changes takes place within our body in presence of some enzymes e.
Understanding these processes and their interplay and employing pharmacokinetic principles increase the probability of therapeutic success and reduce the occurrence of adverse drug events. A drug may inhibit one isoenzyme while being itself a substrate of another isoenzyme e. Significance of drug metabolism in medicinal chemistry to select and monitor appropriate drug therapy for the patients. Penicillin changes to penicilloic acid in presence of enzyme penicilase. For example, sphenytoin, an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy, is virtually insoluble in water. We have developed a powerpoint slide that uses motion along handdrawn pathways that can mimic the more powerful animation produced by.
Ppt basic principles of drug metabolism powerpoint presentation free to view id. Carbohydrate metabolism the tca cycle citric acid cycle the function of the citric acid cycle is to remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes in the mitochondrion pyruvic acid reacts with nad and coenzyme a coa producing 1 co. Each article published by the journal follows a specific format. Create a pdf from powerpoint with animations super user. The following biochemistry ms powerpoint animations may be useful. Ppt basic principles of drug metabolism powerpoint. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. All the four processes involve drug movement across the membranes. That is, the rate of drug metabolism is directly proportional to the concentration of free drug, and firstorder kinetics are observed figure 1.
Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office. The pharmacokinetic processes of absorption, distribution, and elimination determine how rapidly and for how long the drug will appear at the target organ. Regulation of gene expression, enzyme activities, and impact of genetic variation. Applied bio pharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics by leon shargel.
Metabolism or biotransformation the conversion from one chemical form of a substance to another. Prebiotics are nondigestible substrates found in foods such. You may want to have a look at the answer to this question instead of following the accepted one above. Drugdrug interactions occur when two or more drugs alter each others effects or increase the chances of side effects. Conclusion the therapeutic efficacy, toxicity and biological halflife of a drug greatly depends on the metabolism of the drug and a number of factors affect the metabolism of the drug. The opposite is true when the active drug is the metabolite. Ppt alcohol metabolism powerpoint presentation free to. The body hastens excretion by transforming many drugs to less lipidsoluble, less readily reabsorbed forms. May 01, 2020 drug metabolism pptpowerpoint presentation, medical notes edurev is made by best teachers of. Moderation of drinks 1 drink per day for women 2 drinks per day for men 5 ounces of wine 10 ounces of wine cooler 12 ounces of beer 1. Though they may not be involved in the metabolism of a broad range or significant number of drugs, if they are the primary enzyme responsible for.
Drug elimination removal of a drug drugs that have been from the body may made water soluble in occur via a number of the liver are. Drug metabolism goodman and gilmans manual of pharmacology. Iron is essential element and must be precisely regulated. Simulation and prediction of in vivo drug metabolism in human. Drug metabolism free pharmacology video lecturio online. Cytochromes cyp p450 are a superfamily of proteins involved mainly in metabolism of xenobiotics i. Cyp1 drug metabolism 3 subfamilies, 3 genes, 1 pseudogene cyp2 drug and steroid metabolism subfamilies, 16 genes, 16 pseudogenes cyp3 drug metabolism 1 subfamily, 4 genes, 2 pseudogenes. Tucker abstract the perceived failure of new drug development has been blamed on deficiencies in in vivo studies of drug efficacy and safety. The purpose of the video is to provide a multimedia resource for improving health education. Product areas highlighted include our portfolio of reagents for drug transport, phase i metabolism, and drug conjugate analysis. Plasma concentrations of carfilzomib declined rapidly and in a biphasic manner after intravenous administration. The journal welcomes publications in the field of pharmacokinetic modeling.
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